Repeatability describes how closely a robot returns to the same position under stated conditions. Accuracy describes how close the commanded position is to the actual position. Compare the test conditions and datasheet.
Specification comparison
| Term | Practical meaning | Datasheet check |
|---|---|---|
| Repeatability | Closeness of repeated positions under stated conditions | Units, test method, payload and operating conditions |
| Absolute accuracy | Difference between commanded and achieved position | Calibration status, work envelope and measurement method |
| Path accuracy | How a programmed path compares with its intended path | Path test method, speed and payload |
| Resolution | Smallest reported or commanded increment | Controller and feedback-system specifications |
ABB’s robotics materials distinguish repeatability from absolute accuracy and publish separate position and path figures for robot models. Use the robot maker’s definitions and conditions when comparing values.
Selection checklist
- Define whether the task repeats a point, follows a path or places a part to a tolerance.
- Identify the payload, tool, speed and work envelope for the application.
- Compare datasheet test conditions across candidate models.
- Ask how calibration and external measurement affect the specified result.
- Validate the full cell against the process requirement before release.
See cobot vs industrial robot and palletizing robot cell checklist. Browse industrial robots.
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Sources
Common questions
Is repeatability the same as accuracy?
No. They describe different position performance measures and should not be treated as interchangeable.
Can I compare repeatability numbers from any two robots?
Only with care. Compare the definition, test method, payload, speed and operating conditions in the datasheets.
Does a high repeatability spec guarantee process accuracy?
No. Tooling, calibration, payload and the whole cell affect the process result.